Volume 3 No. 1
Integration to the Chinese Society: Korean Minority in China During the Campaign Period(1957-1978)
*Abstract :
This article describes the assimilation policy of the Chinese
Communists towards Korean minority in China during the period of
campaigns(1957-1978). It argues that this assimilation policy was the
basis of China's policy towards her ethnic minorities. It further argues
that it was rooted in Chinese nationalism which embraced facets of
Sinocentrism. During the period, official Government policy towards the
Chosonjok(Korean minority in China) ceased. Instead, other institutions
led by Han Chinese took over policy making. The policies were an
assimilation into Han Chinese culture based on annihilation of the
ethnic identity of Chosonjok. Before 1957, Chinese government policy did
not have much impact on the local level of the Korean community.
However, through the campaigns, Korean ethnic identity was endangered
and the Korean community was in peril. (123 words)
Socioeconomic and Political Factors on the Emergence of a Social Pact in South Korea
*Abstract : As
an alternative for facilitating economic structural adjustment, a
social pact for coalition-building among economic actors emerged under
the Kim Dae Jung government in South Korea. This article examines what
factors affected the emergence of a social pact in South Korea. Previous
studies have focused on formal representative institutions like
political parties and congress as the independent variables. This
article tests the conventional wisdom about the institutional
preconditions for successful social pacts in South Korea. From the
findings, this article argues that a social pact in South Korea emerged
as the results of multi-level institutional contexts, including economic
crisis, government's pro-labor characteristics, social linkages between
political and labor leaders, and the weak organizational strength of
the bargaining partners.
Agricultural Reform in North Korea: Decollectivization?
*Astract
: North Korean agricultural reform of moving away from collective
farming has already begun. The government formally approves the
formation of family unit farms deviated from the unit management
structure of the collective farms while informally acknowledging the
development of the farmers market, which is found in a free market. In
addition, the concept of independent profit-making unit is uprising, and
changes are visible even in the sacred Juche farming. Furthermore,
farming in North Korea has been exposed to winds of change from South
Korea and overseas countries. As such, the North Korean agricultural
reform can be understood as a reform in collective farming, and the
change from the agricultural sector can have contingent effects on the
rest of the North Korean society.
The WTO Ruling on the Dispute between Kodak Fujifilm: Three Levels of Analysis
*Astract :
This Paper aims at discussing and analyzing the trade dispute between
Kodak and Fuji. For many years, the United States has accused Japan of
maintaining a closed market system and of encouraging unfair business
activities and noncompetitive practices of Japanese companies.
Meanwhile, Japan responded that the U.S. allegations were totally
groundless and unacceptable. Japan's intransigence inevitably led
Washington to handle the photo film dispute through WTO. WTO embarked
upon to deal with this case along with three major criteria: measure of
application, benefit accruing, and nullification and impairment. After
one and half years' thorough investigation, WTO finally concluded that
the U.S. failed to show adequate evidences on Japan's closed market,
which means Japan's victory over the U.S. with respect to this film
case.
The End of the "Aid to Families with Dependent Children": Forces for Change and Implication for U.S. Federalism
*Abstract :
The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of
1996 marked a turing point both in U.S. welfare policy and in U.S.
federalism. By replacing the Aid to Families with Dependent
Children(AFDC) with the Temporary Assistance to Needy Families(TANF),
the Act put an end to the AFDC, 61 year-old federal cash assistance to
families in need. Under the TANF, the new U.S. welfare policy shifted
its emphasis from workfare to welfare and enhanced the role of states.
Among other things, long-standing frustration of white middle class
Americans against dependency culture and the reform commitment of
President Clinton and Republican majority party in the 104th Congress
were the major forces behind the 1996 welfare reform. With respect to
the future federal-state relationship, the Act implies that states are
permitted to implement their welfare programs with less intervention of
the federal government than they used to under the AFDC.
State-Business Relations in South Korea: Symbiotic or Contentious?
*Astract :
This paper rejects the simple assumption of a cozy and symbiotic
state-chaebol relationship. It argues that personal ambition for more
market shares through diversification, the policies of the former Kim
government to distant itself from the chaebol, and pressures from the
international economy provide evidence of a less cozy business-state
relationship in South Korea. The movement toward diversification in the
Korean chaebol in the 1960s and 1970s and subsequent managerial reforms
in the 1990s have been the result of the role of culture and market.
Diversification was encouraged by the state, but it is likely that such
diversification would have naturally occurred without encouragement from
the state given the intense personal ambition and competition between
chaebol owners. Later, looking at the Samsung Group, we argued that many
of the managerial reforms which are occurring within the chaebol have
been the result of a changing market heavily influenced by the state and
its desire to distance itself from the chaebol and the negative public
opinion often associated with the chae
Volume 3 No. 2
■ How International Diplomacy Failed the People of East Timor ■ A Study on the Influence of Relative Gains Concerns on Cooperation: The Case Study of the US-Soviet Cooperation in the 1970s ■ Industrial Cooperation between Korea and Russia: Current Situation and Prospects ■ North Korea's Education Policy and System, and External Cooperation with International Organizations ■ Long-Run Linkages of Financial Liberalization among ASEAN Economies: Results from Bounds Testing Approach ■ The Articulation of State in Coevolutionary Competition: A Case Study of U.S. and Japanese Semiconductor Industry
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